BM-KJV and JE-Mosiah 3

Annotation of Mosiah 3 – preliminary

Mosiah 3 is a good example because it shows that a high percentage of Joseph Smith’s language is also KJV language. Few of the KJV words/phrases are not also found in Edwards, including the so-called "blended" passages.

The blue D&C words/phrases in the annotation are nonbiblical and also not found in Edwards. In some cases noted below, the nonbiblical language is close to Edwards (e.g., plural instead of singular). There are several examples in the Book of Mormon and D&C of paraphrased or misquoted passages from the KJV that are identical to paraphrased or misquoted KJV passages in Edwards' works.

The red words/phrases are nonbiblical D&C wording that are also found in Edwards' works.

Purple are biblical or nonbiblical D&C words/phrases similar to Edwards.

Passages where the Lord is speaking directly are generally not found in Edwards.

Naturally, Edwards is not the only person who ever used this nonbiblical Book of Mormon terminology. English is a common language or we couldn't understand one another. But the ready availability of Edwards' works in Palmyra during Joseph's youth indicates that Edwards was a possible source for Joseph's vocabulary that he used when translating the plates and receiving revelations. Passages with the Lord’s personal pronouns obviously are not usually found in Edwards.

Bold = KJV 

Blue = nonbiblical BofM/D&C w/o JE (If unique to this instance, no footnote is given)

Red = nonbiblical BofM/D&C and JE 

Purple = biblical/nonbiblical BofM/D&C similar to JE

Chapter 3

King Benjamin continues his address—The Lord Omnipotent will minister among men in a tabernacle of clay—Blood will come from every pore as He atones for the sins of the world—His is the only name whereby salvation comes—Men can put off the natural man and become Saints through the Atonement—The torment of the wicked will be as a lake of fire and brimstone. About 124 B.C.

1 And again my brethren, I would call your attention[1], for I have somewhat more[2] to speak unto you; for behold, I have things to tell[3] you concerning that which[4] is to come.

2 And the things which I shall tell you are made known[5] unto me by an angel from God. And he said unto me: Awake; and I awoke, and behold he stood before me.

3 And he said unto me: Awake, and hear the words[6] which I shall tell thee; for behold, I am come to declare unto you the glad tidings of great joy[7].

4 For the Lord hath heard thy prayers, and hath judged of thy righteousness, and hath sent me to declare unto thee that thou mayest rejoice[8]; and that thou mayest declare unto thy people, that they may also be filled with joy[9].

5 For behold, the time cometh[10], and is not far distant[11], that with power[12], the Lord Omnipotent[13] who reigneth, who was, and is from all eternity[14] to all eternity[15], shall come down from heaven[16] among the children of men[17], and shall dwell in a tabernacle of clay[18], and shall go forth amongst men[19], working mighty miracles[20], such as healing the sick[21], raising the dead[22], causing[23] the lame to walk[24], the blind to receive their sight[25], and the deaf to hear[26], and curing all manner of diseases[27].

6 And he shall cast out devils[28], or the evil spirits[29] which dwell in the hearts[30] of the children of men.

7 And lo, he shall suffer temptations, and pain of body[31], hunger, thirst, and[32] fatigue[33], even more than man can suffer, except it be[34] unto death; for behold, blood cometh from every pore[35], so great shall be[36] his anguish[37] for the wickedness and the abominations of his people.

8 And he shall be called Jesus Christ, the Son of God, the Father of heaven and earth, the Creator of all things[38] from the beginning; and his mother shall be called Mary.

9 And lo, he cometh unto his own, that salvation might come unto the children of men even through faith[39] on his name[40]; and even after all this[41] they shall consider him[42] a man, and say that he hath a devil, and shall scourge him[43], and shall crucify him[44].

10 And he shall rise the third day[45] from the dead; and behold, he standeth to judge the world[46]; and behold, all these things are done that a righteous judgment[47] might come upon the children of men.

11 For behold, and also his blood atoneth for the sins of those who have fallen by the transgression of Adam[48], who have died not knowing[49] the will of God[50] concerning[51] them, or who have ignorantly sinned.

12 But wo, wo unto him who knoweth that he rebelleth against God[52]! For salvation cometh to none such[53] except it be through repentance and faith[54] on the Lord Jesus Christ.

13 And the Lord God hath sent his holy prophets[55] among all the children of men, to declare these things[56] to every kindred[57], nation, and tongue, that thereby whosoever should[58] believe[59] that Christ should come[60], the same might receive remission[61] of their sins, and rejoice with[62] exceedingly great[63] joy[64], even[65] as though he had[66] already come among them.

14 Yet the Lord God saw that his people were a stiffnecked[67] people, and he appointed unto them a law, even the law of Moses[68].

15 And many signs[69], and wonders[70], and types, and shadows[71] showed he unto them, concerning his coming[72]; and also holy prophets spake unto them concerning his coming; and yet they hardened their hearts[73], and understood not[74] that the law of Moses availeth nothing[75] except it were[76] through the atonement of his blood[77].

16 And even if it were possible[78] that little children[79] could sin they could not be saved[80]; but I say unto you they are blessed[81]; for behold, as in Adam[82], or by nature[83], they fall, even so the blood of Christ[84] atoneth for their sins[85].

17 And moreover[86], I say unto you, that there shall be no other name given[87] nor any other way[88] nor means whereby salvation can come unto the children of men, only in and through[89] the name of Christ[90], the Lord Omnipotent.

18 For behold he judgeth, and his judgment is just[91]; and the infant perisheth not that dieth in his infancy[92]; but men drink damnation[93] to their own souls[94] except they humble themselves[95] and become as little children[96], and believe that salvation was, and is, and is to come, in and through the atoning blood of Christ[97], the Lord Omnipotent.

19 For the natural man is an enemy to God[98], and has been from the fall of Adam[99], and will be, forever and ever[100], unless he yields[101] to the enticings[102] of the Holy Spirit[103], and putteth off[104] the natural man[105] and becometh a saint[106] through the atonement of Christ[107] the Lord[108], and becometh as a child[109], submissive[110], meek, humble, patient, full of love[111], willing to submit[112] to all things which the Lord seeth fit to inflict upon[113] him, even as a child doth submit to[114] his father.

20 And moreover, I say unto you, that the time shall come[115] when the knowledge of a Savior[116] shall spread throughout every nation[117], kindred, tongue, and people[118].

21 And behold, when that time cometh, none shall be found blameless[119] before God, except it be little children, only through repentance and faith[120] on the name of the Lord God Omnipotent[121].

22 And even at this time[122], when thou shalt have taught thy people the things which the Lord thy God hath commanded thee, even then are they found no more[123] blameless[124] in the sight of God[125], only according to[126] the words which I have spoken unto thee.

23 And now I have spoken the words[127] which the Lord God hath commanded me.

24 And thus saith the Lord: They shall stand as a bright testimony against[128] this people[129], at the[130] judgment day[131]; whereof they shall be judged, every man according to his works[132], whether they be[133] good[134], or whether they be evil[135].

25 And if they be evil they are consigned[136] to an awful[137] view of[138] their[139] own guilt[140] and abominations[141], which doth cause them to shrink[142] from the presence of the Lord[143] into a state of misery[144] and endless torment[145], from whence they can no more return[146]; therefore they have drunk damnation[147] to their own souls[148].

26 Therefore, they have drunk out of the cup of the wrath[149] of God, which justice could[150] no more deny[151] unto them than it could deny that Adam should fall because of his partaking[152] of the forbidden fruit[153]; therefore, mercy could have claim[154] on them no more forever[155].

27 And their torment[156] is as a lake of fire and brimstone[157], whose flames[158] are unquenchable[159], and whose smoke ascendeth up[160] forever and ever. Thus hath the Lord commanded me. Amen.

[1] BM (2) NOTE: “attention” BM (2) DC (1) JE 1808 (71) 553x

[2] NT (1) BM (6) JE (4)

[3] BM (1) JE (1)

[4] BM (9) JE (7)

[5] OT (8) NT (12) BM (36) DC (26) PGP (2) JE (190)

[6] OT (10) NT (1) BM (12) DC (1) JE (20)

[7] BM (3) DC (3) JE (2) JE/BM/DC paraphrasing Luke. JE: “The word "gospel" signifies joyful tidings: it is spoken of as " glad tidings of great joy " (Luke 2:10). “And the angel said unto them, Fear not: for, behold, I bring you good tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people.” (Luke 2:10)

[8] “mayest rejoice » BM (1) « may rejoice” OT (5) NT (3) BM (3) DC (1) JE (25)

[9] NT (2) BM (9) DC (2) JE (14)

[10] NT (2) BM (15) JE (1)

[11] BM (3) JE (1)

[12] OT (1) NT (8) BM (10) DC (14) PGP (2) JE (60)

[13] BM (4) Rev 19 :6 « the Lord God omnipotent”

[14] BM (5) DC (8) PGP (7) JE (570)

[15] “all eternity to all eternity” BM (2) DC (1) PGP (3)

[16] OT (2) NT (5) BM (2) JE (40)

[17] OT (23) BM (131) DC (39) PGP (15) JE (130)

[18] BM (2) JE: “'Tis true they go out of a rotten, filthy, loathsome, infected house of clay and tabernacle of dust, to go into a light mansion of glory and blessedness. Hear what the Apostle says to this: For we know that if the earthly house of this tabernacle were dissolved, we have a building of God, an house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens.

[19] BM (1) JE (180)

[20] BM (11) cf. “For they are the spirits of devils, working miracles, (Revelation 16:14) “according to the working of his mighty power,” (Ephesians 1:19)

JE: “when he gives any a power of working miracles, healing the sick, casting out devils, and the like, these are great privileges which God bestows on men”

[21] BM (1) DC (1) JE (20) JE: “ In healing the sick , and opening the eyes of the blind, and unstopping the ears of the deaf, and healing the lame, he showed that he was the God that framed the eye, and created the ear, and was the author of the frame of man's body. By the dead's rising at his command, it appeared that he was…”

[22] BM (1) JE (25)

[23] “causing the lame to walk” BM (1)

[24] NT (1) BM (2) DC (1) JE (1)

[25] NT (1) BM (2) DC (1) JE (1) “5 The blind receive their sight, and the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have the gospel preached to them.” (Matthew 11:5)

[26] NT (1) BM (2) DC (1)

[27] BM (4) JE (5)

[28] NT (12) BM (4) DC (3) JE (49)

[29] NT (4) BM (1) DC (1) JE (40)

[30] BM (2) JE (1)

[31] BM (1) JE (15) JE: “It was foretold that the Messiah should die under great sorrow and distress of mind, as well as pain of body.”

[32] “hunger, thirst and fatigue” BM (5)

[33] BM (6) JE (40)

[34] NT (5) BM (9) DC (3) JE (45)

[35] BM (1) DC (1) JE (1)

[36] BM (2) JE (2) JE : « So great shall be the increase of knowledge in this time that heaven shall be, as it were, opened to the church of God on earth”

[37] OT (14) NT (3) BM (11) DC (1) JE (160)

[38] BM (2) JE (6)

[39] NT (15) BM (9) DC (4) PGP (1) JE (110)

[40] BM (5) DC (1) “And his name through faith in his name” (Acts 3:16)

[41] OT (2) BM (4) JE (15)

[42] NT (1) BM (1) DC (1) JE (19)

[43] NT (2) BM (3) JE (2)

[44] NT (11) BM (4) JE (18)

[45] NT (1) BM (1) JE (2)

[46] OT (3) NT (4) BM (3) JE (50)

[47] NT (3) BM (3) JE (35)

[48] BM (1) JE (3)

[49] OT (1) NT (6) BM (3) JE (115)

[50] NT (23) BM (7) DC (6) PGP (1) JE (400)

[51] “will of God concerning” BM (2) JE (3) JE: “that she might fulfill the will of God concerning the Amalekitish nation declared in Exodus 17:14, Exodus 17:16”

[52] “rebel against God” BM (2) JE (4)

[53] OT (1) BM (5) DC (1) JE (19)

[54] BM (7) DC (1) JE (47)

[55] NT (4) BM (26) DC (5) JE (10)

[56] BM (2) JE (2)

[57] NT (1) BM (1) JE (9) “hast redeemed us to God by thy blood out of every kindred, and tongue, and people, and nation;” (Revelation 5:9)

[58] BM (3) DC (1) JE (3)

[59] BM (1) DC (1) « whosoever should believe”

[60] BM (4) JE (10)

[61] NT (1) BM (1) JE (1)

[62] OT (4) NT (7) BM (2) JE (100)

[63] BM (57) DC (2) JE (6)

[64] “exceedingly great  joy” BM (11) “great joy” OT (4) NT (7) BM (30) DC (4) JE (125)

[65] “even as though” BM (1)

[66] OT (2) BM (2) JE (30)

[67] OT (8) NT (1) BM (20) DC (1) JE (35)

[68] OT (15) NT (7) BM (41) DC (4) JE (300)

[69] NT (1) BM (4) JE (10)

[70] OT (8) NT (11) BM (9) DC (3) PGP (1) JE (29)

[71] BM (1) JE (29) JE: “another was by types and shadows of Christ whereby his coming and redemption were prefigured” “By these types and shadows they were led to true faith and a Mediator”

[72] BM (2) JE (2)

[73] OT (1) BM (12) DC (1) JE (9)

[74] OT (4) NT (7) BM (10) JE (19)

[75] “availeth nothing” BM (2) “avails nothing” JE (10) JE: “The Gospel Reveals that there is no need of Our Righteousness for our Justification & that it avails nothing in that affair.”

[76] NT (2) BM (13) JE (5)

[77] BM (2) JE : « the way in which he should make atonement for sin by his blood”

[78] NT (5) BM (10) DC (2) JE (45)

[79] OT (4) NT (16) BM (26) DC (9) JE (130) JE : « at the same time orders should be given to smite and slay utterly, without their eye sparing or having pity, those that were a great deal more evidently free from having any share in the sin of the city, because they are not capable of sinning, which is the case of little children if they have no original sin;”

[80] BM (3) JE (6)

[81] OT (1) BM (3) JE (30)

[82] NT (1) BM (1) JE (12)

[83] NT (6) BM (2) JE (400)

[84] NT (3) BM (3) JE (110)

[85] BM (3) PGP (1) JE (190) JE: “thus it is that believers do by faith drink the blood of Christ, viz. as an atonement for their sins”

[86] OT (6) BM (14) JE (33)

[87] BM (2) JE (5) JE: “ there is salvation in no other, and no other name given under heaven by which men must be saved”

[88] BM (3) JE (300)

[89] BM (7) JE (40) JE: “ Persons ought to seek salvation only in and through Christ”

[90] NT (2) BM (23) DC (3) PGP (1) JE (75)

[91] NT (1) BM (1) JE (3)

[92] BM (1) JE (15)

[93] BM (1) JE (3) cf “eateth and drinketh damnation to himself” (1 Corinthians 11:29)

[94] OT (3) BM (2) JE (90)

[95] OT (1) BM (25) DC (3) JE (30) JE: « The Christians that are really the most eminent saints, and therefore have the most excellent experiences, and are greatest in the kingdom of heaven, humble themselves as a little child” (Matthew 18:4) “Whosoever therefore shall humble himself as this little child, the same is greatest in the kingdom of heaven.” (Matthew 18:4)

[96] NT (1) BM (1) JE (25)

[97] BM (2) “blood of Christ” NT (4) BM (6) DC (1) JE (140)

[98] “Natural Men are God’s Enemies” in 1808 but not Yale, Kidle starting at 55932

[99] BM (3) JE (3) [one in 1808 not in Yale] JE: “Adam’s posterity did not put forth their hands to the forbidden fruit: In which sense, that act of transgression, and that fall of Adam cannot be physically one with the sin of his posterity. But if we consider the morality of the action, and what consent here is to it, it is altogether to be maintained, that his posterity committed the same sin, both in number and in kind, insomuch as they are to be looked upon as consenting to it. For where there is consent to a sin, there the same sin is committed.” Kindle, 52248

[100] “forever and ever” BM (9) DC (34) JE (161); “for ever and ever” OT (25) NT (21) PGP (5) JE (50)

[101] BM (1) JE (1) JE: “a man can't lawfully partake, unless he yields to, and complies with the covenant.”

[102] “enticings” BM (2) “enticing” NT (2) BM (2) JE (18)

[103] OT (3) NT (4) BM (16) DC (21) PGP (1) JE (1000)

[104] « putteth off » BM (1) « put off” OT (10) NT (5) BM (1) JE (250); “puts off” JE (13); “putting off” NT (1) JE (95) “seeing that ye have put off the old man with his deeds; 10 And have put on the new man,”  (Colossians 3:9–10), quoted many times in many forms by JE.

[105] NT (1) BM (3) DC (1) PGP (1) JE (500)

[106] “becometh a saint” BM (1); “become a saint” JE (1) “become saints” JE (4) JE: “When they become saints , are made holy, they are born again.”

[107] BM (4) PGP (1) JE (5) JE: “That salvation is not only by the atonement of Christ , but by his obedience to the law or commands of God.”

[108] “Christ the Lord” NT (2) BM (6) DC (1) JE (5)

[109] “becometh as a child” BM (1); “as a child” OT (1) NT (3) BM (4) JE (85)

[110] BM (3) JE (30) JE: “4. Not to talk to him and reprove him with rough and severe language, and especially before others. But if she reproves him, let it be privately and in an humble, submissive , loving manner, becoming one in so near a relation that, above all others, requires love and endearment.” “47. Resolved, to endeavour to my utmost to deny whatever is not most agreeable to a good, and universally sweet and benevolent, quiet, peaceable, contented, easy, compassionate, generous, humble, meek, modest, submissive , obliging, diligent and industrious, charitable, even, patient, moderate, forgiving, sincere Temper”

[111] BM (2) DC (1) JE (50)

[112] BM (1) JE (2) JE: “They don't take upon them everyone to be his own guide, and go their own way; but they are willing to submit to his direction, and go where he leads them.”

[113] BM (1) JE (6)

[114] BM (3) DC (2) JE (230)

[115] NT (1) BM (7) DC (1) JE (3) JE: “ And then the time shall come when the topstone shall be brought forth and all will appear complete and consummate.”

[116] BM (1) DC (2)

[117] OT (2) NT (3) BM (9) DC (6) JE (30) NT (and JE) : « And I saw another angel fly in the midst of heaven, having the everlasting gospel to preach unto them that dwell on the earth, and to every nation, and kindred, and tongue, and people,” (Revelation 14:6)

[118] “nation kindred tongue and people” BM (7) DC (2) JE (1) JE paraphrasing: “those of every nation , kindred , tongue and people to whom the angel preached the everlasting gospel, are contemporary with those of every nation, kindred, people and tongue”

[119] NT (1) BM (2)

[120] BM (7) DC (1) JE (30)

[121] NT (1) BM (2) JE (6)

[122] BM (8)

[123] “no more blameless” BM (1)

[124] OT (3) NT (12) BM (7) DC (3)

[125] OT (1) NT (12) BM (5) DC (1) JE (250)

[126] BM (5) JE (9)

[127] BM (2)

[128] “testimony against” NT (4) BM (7) DC (4) JE (65)

[129] “against this people” OT (2) BM (5) DC (2)

[130] “at the judgment day” BM (2)

[131] BM (6) JE (10)

[132] OT (1) NT (1) BM (1) DC (1) JE (7)

[133] OT (5) NT (2) BM (14) DC (1) JE (65)

[134] “whether they be good” BM (7)

[135] BM (5)

[136] BM (9) JE (2) “consigns” JE (1)

[137] BM (47) JE (600)

[138] BM (1) DCX (4) JE (870)

[139] “view of their” BM (1) JE (12)

[140] BM (3) JE (20) JE: “'Tis an easy thing for those that don't consider their own guilt”

[141] OT (74) NT (2) BM (76) DC (10) JE (100)

[142] BM (6) DC (1) JE (30)

[143] OT (13) NT (2) BM (21) DC (2) JE (35)

[144] BM (3) JE (22) JE: “the fear of that dreadful state of misery , which 'tis very possible may overtake the guilty”

[145] BM (7) DC (1) JE (2)

[146] BM (2) JE (2)

[147] See verse 18.

[148] BM (2) JE (4)

[149] “cup of the wrath” BM (2) DC (1); JE: “cup of God’s wrath” “cup of his wrath” “cup of wrath” NT: “to give unto her the cup of the wine of the fierceness of his wrath.” (Revelation 16:19)

[150] BM (3) JE (4) JE: “Justice could not be defended”

[151] BM (2)

[152] BM (5) DC (2) JE (360)

[153] BM (6) DC (1) JE (100)

[154] BM (4) DC (6)

[155] BM (1) JE (8) JE: “after this is to suffer no more forever” Cf: ye shall see them again no more for ever” (Exodus 14:13)

[156] NT (2) BM (2) DC (2) JE (40)

[157] NT (1) BM (10) DC (1) JE (17) NT: « 10 And the devil that deceived them was cast into the lake of fire and brimstone, where the beast and the false prophet are, and shall be tormented day and night for ever and ever.” (Revelation 20:10)

[158] OT (3) BM (6) DC (1) JE (380)

[159] NT (2) BM (5) DC (4) JE (20) JE: « The blood of Christ has, as it were, quenched the flames for those that are in him; 'tis indeed fire unquenchable by anything else but Christ's blood.“

[160] BM (2) JE (1) JE: “their smoke ascendeth up forever & Ever.”  cf: “4 And the smoke of the incense, which came with the prayers of the saints, ascended up before God out of the angel’s hand. (Revelation 8:4)